This book provides a fresh approach to the understanding of conscription, with contributions from social and political historians in an area traditionally covered by military historians. It focuses on the previously undiscussed areas of Ottoman Turkey and Egypt (where some of the most extreme forms of conscription occurred).

Shows that Kemal's 'ideological toolkit', which included positivism, militarism, nationalism and a state-centred world view, was shared by several Young Turks. This book focuses on the attempts of the Young Turks to save their empire through forced modernization and on the attempts of their Kemalist successors to build a strong national state.

(, 4th Revised edition)

This revised edition builds upon the twin themes of Turkey's continuing incorporation into the capitalist world and the modernization of state and society.

(, 4th Revised edition)

This revised edition builds upon the twin themes of Turkey's continuing incorporation into the capitalist world and the modernization of state and society.