(Paperback)

Focusing on the northern Atlantic Wall in the Low Countries and Scandinavia, this title addresses the special defensive features and unique aspects of fortification in these countries, such as the early focus on fortifying Norway; the greater use of turreted naval guns; and, the establishment of first-line Flak defences in the Low Countries.

(Paperback)

Tells the story of defensive lines in Europe in World War II, looking at the lesser known Mediterranean extension and describing how it was conceived of, built and used. This book recounts the defenses role in the Allied invasion of Southern France and Operation Dragoon - The Second D-Day.

(Paperback)

(Paperback)

Highlights the varied castle designs ranging from fortifications based on French models to the defences inspired by Constantinople. This title is illustrated with colour illustrations and cutaway artwork.

(Paperback)

Anticipating a foreign onslaught from Europe after his split from Rome, Henry VIII began construction of more than 20 stone forts to protect England's major ports and estuaries. Aided by illustrations, the author explores the departure from artillery-vulnerable medieval castle designs to the low, sturdy stone fortresses inspired by European ideas.

(Paperback)

Describes and examines the Fuhrerhauptquartiere - the 14 or so headquarters built for Hitler. Revealing their locations and how they were used to direct the Nazi war apparatus, this title offers insights into various historical sites from Berghof to the Wolf's Lair.

(Paperback)

This well-illustrated book traces the development of Egypt's early military architecture from its beginnings in the Neolithic to the creation of a sophisticated and integrated system of defenses in the Middle Kingdom.

(Paperback)

From the Islamic invasions of Spain in the 8th Century to the base for Mediterranean Task force H in World War II, 'the Rock' has played a significant part in the military history of Europe over hundreds of years. This book covers the history of the fortifications on Gibraltar and the development of the sites.

(Paperback)

The Island of Malta occupies a pivotal position in the Mediterranean, forming an outpost between North Africa and the soft underbelly of Europe. This book examines the island's different styles of fortification from the 16th to the 20th centuries.

(Paperback)

The ring of fortifications protecting the city of Verdun on the Meuse River would become critical in the infamous battle of World War I. This book examines these fortifications, including the famous forts of Douaumont and Vaux that saw some of the fiercest fighting during the battle.

(Paperback)

First besieged in 305 BC, the island of Rhodes became part of the Roman Empire and was later fortified in the Byzantine style. Due to its position in the Mediterranean, Rhodes was attacked and besieged for over a century by Islamic forces. This title details the development of the fortifications, as well as the sieges that sought to reduce them.

(Paperback)

In order to defend their lands from outside invaders, the Celts established powerful fortified sites. This book examines these fascinating forts, which varied considerably from the mysterious brochs and duns found in northern Britain, to the hill-top forts ranging in size, to the promontory forts that formed powerful coastal strongholds.

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This book provides an in-depth study of the construction and location of these fortifications, and examines what it was like to live and fight inside them, with the forts themselves illustrated by beautifully detailed artwork.

(Paperback)

(Paperback)

Follows on from "Fortress 27: French Fortresses in North America 1534-1763: Quebec, Montreal, Louisbourg and New Orleans" and "Fortress 75: The Forts of New France in Northeast America 1600-1763". This book takes a look at the forts guarding the frontier defenses of New France from the Great Lakes, down the Mississippi River to the Gulf of Mexico.

(Paperback)

(Paperback)

The most famous example of fortification in the world, the Great Wall of China stretches for more than 4,000 miles across inhospitable terrain. Charting its development since its construction in the 7th century BC, this book reveals the history of the wall, and explores the myths that surround it.

(Paperback)

Covering the development of the Hindenburg Line and the climactic battles that took place around it, this highly illustrated volume is for history enthusiasts and World War I fans alike.

(Paperback)

The lines of Torres Vedras played a key role in the Peninsular War, preventing the French from driving the British out of Portugal. This title details the techniques of Napoleonic defensive warfare and features some of the key commanders of the period, such as Soult, Massena and Wellington.

(Paperback)

An exploration of the history, evolution, military architecture and natural setting of one of the most famous fortifications in the world -the Maginot Line. It discusses the controversy over whether the Line was a success or failure, and evaluates the pros and cons of each side of the debate.

(Paperback)

The armistice of 1940 saw Finland cede control of the entire Karelian Isthmus to the USSR, and a propaganda war ensued. Through an analysis of the background, and operational history of the Mannerheim Line, this book provides an assessment of its huge historical importance.

(Paperback)

To counter the assaults of the Englishmen, Frenchmen, and Dutchmen, as well as those of pirates, the Spanish built a system of fortifications. This title covers the three main periods of development including the first "castles" in Americas, based on medieval styles built to protect against marauding adventurers.

(Paperback)

Dunkirk, Toulon, Perpignan, Verdun and Brest stand out among the many historically significant sites created by Sebastien LePrestre de Vauban (1633-1707). This book examines the achievements of this pivotal figure in fortification history, exploring the sites and their subsequent significance.

(Paperback)