(Paperback)

Exploring the political forces that shaped Impressionism, this work proposes that at the heart of the modern is a "guilty secret" - the need of the dominant, mainly bourgeois, classes in Paris to expunge from historical memory the haunting nightmare of the Commune and its socialist ideology.

(Paperback)

A collection of twelve essays that demonstrates, through the interpretation of a work of art, the abundance and complexity of methodological approaches available to art historians. It focuses on Manet's "A Bar at the Folies-Bergere" and applies to it different methodologies, including feminism, Marxism, Lacanian psychoanalysis, and semiotics.