(Paperback)

A detailed study of the tumultuous history of the Moscow Kremlin, a metaphor for Russia, a symbol for its government and an enduring icon of the country.

(Paperback)

(Paperback)

This title examines the stone forts that played a crucial part in the course of the American Civil War, showing a wide range of fortifications from the Gulf of Mexico through to New England. It covers their design, construction and the way that they were armed and manned.

(Paperback)

(Paperback)

The Mississippi River played a decisive role in American Civil War. The Confederate fortifications were put to the test in the Federal campaign of 1862-63, aimed at cutting off the Rebel states of Arkansas, Louisiana and Texas and creating a blockade of this trade route. This book examines these and other sites, and the role they played in war.

(Paperback)

The Philippines were declared an American Territory on January 4, 1899, and construction of seacoast fortifications began in the mouth of Manilla Bay - Fort Mills, Fort Frank, Fort Hughes, and Subic Bay's Fort Wint. This work brings back to life these key sites.

(Paperback)

The development of the city-state in the Classical period of Greek history ensured a shift in the nature of fortifications in the region. No longer were fortresses designed to defend a ruler and his entourage, rather the whole of the citizen body had to be protected against any outside threats.

(Paperback)

(Paperback)

When the Romans left Britain around AD 410, the unconquered native peoples of modern Scotland, Ireland and Wales were presented with the opportunity to pillage what remained of Roman Britain. The Post-Roman Britons did their best to defend themselves by using fortifications.

(Paperback)

Taking a close look at the array of defences that Britain instituted in the course of the war and the way that these were adapted to meet the changing threat, this book covers the sites that still remain and considers the effectiveness of the defences.

(Paperback)

Scottish castles and Tower Houses evolved as fortified dwellings that were erected in an environment of weak royal authority and feuding between rival clans. This book examines these castles and Tower Houses, focusing on their distinctive style that flourished in Scotland in the 16th and 17th centuries.

(Paperback)

In the early 12th century AD, a large part of what we think of as France was not under the direct control of the French King who's authority stretched little further than Paris. This book describes the so-called 'Cathar castles', why they were positioned where they were, and how well those they withstood the realities of the Albigensian Crusade.

(Paperback)

It has been said in China that a city without a wall would be as inconceivable as a house without a roof. This book traces the evolution of the walled city from the 3,000 year old remains of the beaten earth walls of the Shang dynasty to the huge stone fortifications of the Ming dynasty.

(Paperback)

Immortalized in film and literature, the 15th century castle of Colditz is remembered not for tales of medieval chivalry or withstanding withering sieges but for its darker past. This book examines the history of Colditz, the methods used to keep prisoners inside her formidable walls, and the techniques by which her prisoners attempted to escape.

(Paperback)

Crusader castles and other fortifications in Cyprus, the south-western coast of Turkey and Greece are amongst the best examples of late medieval military architecture. Providing numerous architectural plans, maps and colour illustrations, this book complements the previous treatments of Crusader fortifications in the "Fortress" series.

(Paperback)

Of all the castles constructed by Western Europeans during the Middle Ages, none have caught the public imagination so much as Crusader castles.

(Paperback)

After the Second Crusade in 1148 the Crusader States embarked on a period of caution and consolidation and, in an increasingly hostile environment, began strengthening existing fortifications and building new castles.

(Paperback)

The Teutonic Knights were the most warlike of the religious orders, and this is reflected in the architecture they left behind. This work tells the history of spectacular fortresses from their inception through to their eventual decline and fall.

(Paperback)

Founded in the late 12th century, the order of the Teutonic Knights was to play a major role during the crusades, both in the Holy Land and Northern Europe. This work studies the stone fortifications built by the order in their attempts to pacify and convert Livonia.

(Paperback)

(Paperback)

The United States has been developing space for many years, and satellites provide the US Military with an unparalleled advantage over its adversaries. This book explores the design, development and usage of US military space systems, and, past and future threats to the systems, as space becomes the next, if only virtual, theater of warfare.

(Paperback)

In 1945, with her fleet destroyed and her armies beaten, the only thing that stood between Japan and an Allied invasion was the numerous coastal defence positions that surrounded the islands. This book looks at the Japanese home island fortifications that were constructed during 1941-45.

(Paperback)

The Rhine River represented the last natural defensive barrier for the Third Reich in the fall of 1944. Although Hitler had been reluctant to allow the construction of tactical defense lines in France, the final defense of the Reich was another matter. This book takes a detailed look at Germany's last line of defense.

(Paperback)

Starting in 1940, Germany was subjected to a growing threat of Allied bomber attack. They were joined by US daylight raids which first began to have a serious impact on German industry in the autumn of 1943. This book focuses on the land-based infrastructure of Germany's defense against the air onslaught.