The Joint Press Conference: The History, Impact, and Prospects of American Presidential Debates
By (Author) David Lanoue
By (author) Peter Schrott
Bloomsbury Publishing PLC
Praeger Publishers Inc
28th February 1991
United States
Tertiary Education
Non Fiction
324.7
Hardback
184
Despite the brouhaha accorded presidential debates by the media, which regards these confrontations as events of significant magnitude, social scientists have been less convinced of their impact and importance. They tend to assert that such performances have had little effect on voting behavior, and tend to merely reinforce viewers' already held biases. In The Joint Press Conference, David J. Lanoue and Peter R. Schrott focus on the impact of presidential debates on voters and attempt to reconcile the disparate views of media and social science. Confronting the positive conventional wisdom of the former and the largely negative, empirical data of the latter, they arrive at some surprising conclusions. Research that emerged after the 1980, 1984, and 1988 debates strongly suggested that debates do matter and that their impact may be substantial. In addition, not only have the direct effects of debates on voting behavior come under reconsideration, but also their importance in changing and reinforcing viewers' candidate images and issue positions. This five-chapter study ties together the research of social scientists arguing that many scholars have understated the ability of debates to influence voters and elections. Lanoue and Schrott base their assertion on evidence gleaned from re-assessment of the same studies used by others to support findings of limited effects, as well as their own more recent contributions. Following the introduction, Chapter 2 presents an analytical and critical history of the presidential debates since 1960 and focuses on the conventional wisdom on these debates. An area largely ignored by students of debating, the content of presidential debates, is examined in Chapter 3 which also presents a brief history of the use and evolution of content analysis in the study of political communication. Chapter 4 organizes and integrates the post-1960 findings of social scientists emphasizing the importance of reinforcement as an electorally significant phenomenon. Chapter 5 presents a model of debate effects that takes into consideration the direct and indirect paths between debate watching and attitude change and indicates that early reports of the electoral triviality of debates were premature. The groundbreaking reinterpretations contained in this first comprehensive analysis of the issue of debate effects will be required reading for students and scholars of mass media and communications, public opinion, and journalism.
It is an innovative, critical analysis of scientific literature, which argues that winning a debate is not as important as press interpretations of what happened. The book is concisely written, cogently argued, and reflects exhaustive knowledge of relevant material. . . . This is a technical book most appropriate for a technically inclined audience either of behavioral scientists who are interested in electoral behavior, media specialists, students, or sophisticated political activists who make a profession or avocation of politics. The book's engaging style, however, makes it easily accessible to larger attentive audiences.-Perspectives on Political Science
One of a growing number of recent titles on presidential debates, this small book provides readers with a synthesis of much that has been researched on this topic. The major strengths of the book rest in Lanoue and Schrott's description and analysis of previous studies of debate content and effects; a wide array of empirical studies, both in the US and Europe, are reviewed and synthesized. In addition, Lanoue and Schrott develop a model for interpreting and understanding debate effects. However, the book would have profited in places from more lengthy treatments of what they are attempting to explain. For example, readers would have benefited from more extensive explanations of both their model and explanations of theories of viewer impact presented in Chapter 4. Recommended for public and college undergraduate libraries.-Choice
"It is an innovative, critical analysis of scientific literature, which argues that winning a debate is not as important as press interpretations of what happened. The book is concisely written, cogently argued, and reflects exhaustive knowledge of relevant material. . . . This is a technical book most appropriate for a technically inclined audience either of behavioral scientists who are interested in electoral behavior, media specialists, students, or sophisticated political activists who make a profession or avocation of politics. The book's engaging style, however, makes it easily accessible to larger attentive audiences."-Perspectives on Political Science
"One of a growing number of recent titles on presidential debates, this small book provides readers with a synthesis of much that has been researched on this topic. The major strengths of the book rest in Lanoue and Schrott's description and analysis of previous studies of debate content and effects; a wide array of empirical studies, both in the US and Europe, are reviewed and synthesized. In addition, Lanoue and Schrott develop a model for interpreting and understanding debate effects. However, the book would have profited in places from more lengthy treatments of what they are attempting to explain. For example, readers would have benefited from more extensive explanations of both their model and explanations of theories of viewer impact presented in Chapter 4. Recommended for public and college undergraduate libraries."-Choice
DAVID J. LANOUE is Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of California, Riverside. He is also the author of From Camelot to the Teflon President: Economics and Presidential Popularity since 1960 (Greenwood Press, 1988). He has written articles for Western Political Quarterly, Journal of Politics, and Political Behavior. PETER R. SCHROTT is Assistant Professor at the University of Mannheim, Germany. Specializing in political communication, methodology, and electoral behavior, Dr. Schrott has also authored articles in Public Opinion Quarterly, Political Psychology, and Political Behavior.